Decreased bone density - Integrated Hormone Health

Decreased Bone Density: Prevention and Treatment

What is Decreased Bone Density?

Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a condition characterized by a reduction in the density and quality of bone tissue. This can lead to an increased risk of fractures, especially in the wrists, hips, and spine.

What Causes Decreased Bone Density?

Decreased bone density can result from various factors, including:

• Age: As we age, bones naturally lose density and strength.
• Hormonal changes: A decrease in estrogen levels in women during menopause can accelerate bone loss.
• Lack of calcium and vitamin D: These nutrients are essential for strong bones.
• Certain medications: Corticosteroids, cancer treatments, and some antidepressants can contribute to bone loss.
• Medical conditions: Disorders like hyperthyroidism, rheumatoid arthritis, and celiac disease can negatively impact bone health.

How is Decreased Bone Density Diagnosed?

A bone density scan, also known as a DEXA scan, measures the mineral content and density of bones. This provides a clear picture of bone health.

What are the Symptoms of Decreased Bone Density?

Decreased bone density often goes unnoticed until a fracture occurs. However, some may experience:

• Loss of height over time
• Stooped or curved posture
• Back pain caused by a fractured or collapsed vertebra

How Can Decreased Bone Density Be Prevented?

Maintaining strong, healthy bones involves:

1. Sufficient Calcium and Vitamin D: Dairy products, leafy greens, and fatty fish are good sources. Supplements may be recommended.
2. Regular Exercise: Weight-bearing activities like walking, dancing, and weightlifting help build and maintain bone density.
3. Quit Smoking and Limit Alcohol: Both increase osteoporosis risk.
4. Maintain a Healthy Weight: Being underweight or obese negatively impacts bone health.

How is Decreased Bone Density Treated?

Treatment options for osteoporosis or osteopenia include:

• Medications: Bisphosphonates, denosumab, or teriparatide may be prescribed to slow or reverse bone loss.
• Hormone therapy: Estrogen therapy may help maintain bone density in postmenopausal women.
• Lifestyle changes: Dietary adjustments, exercise, and habit changes (such as quitting smoking) are important.
• Fall prevention: Removing tripping hazards, improving lighting, and using assistive devices can help prevent fractures.

If you have concerns about decreased bone density, consult Integrated Hormone Health for diagnosis and treatment options.